Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Functionalized Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles with Antioxidative Neuroprotection for Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.2147/ijn.s434873

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5 LMC-RES inhibits Aβ aggregation and neuronal exacerbation. (A) Fluorescence images of Aβ in hippocampus and cortex of different groups of mice. (B) Analysis of THT fluorescence intensity in different groups. (C) ELISA kits of Aβ content in the brain tissue of different groups of mice. (D and E) Fluorescence images and quantitative analysis of neurons in brain slices from different groups of mice. (F) Nissl staining of the cortex and hippocampus of different groups of mice. All data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Mouse Aβ (Amyloid beta) (1– 42) ELISA kit is purchased from Elabscience.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining

Journal: Molecular Neurobiology

Article Title: Olfactory Mucosa Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes Enhance Microglia M2 Polarization via the FGFR1/PLCγ1 Axis to Alleviate Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.1007/s12035-026-05797-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: OM-MSCs-Exo induced M2-polarized microglial cells through FGFR1 delivery, resulting in attenuated neuronal inflammation. A CCK8 assay in HT-22 and SH-SY5Y cells. B The apoptosis rate of HT-22 and SH-SY5Y cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. C IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels of HT-22 and SH-SY5Y cells. The HT-22 cells in the Co-control group, Co-Aβ 1–42 group, Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo group, Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−NC group, and Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−FGFR1 group were co-cultured with the corresponding BV2 cells for 24 h. The SH-SY5Y cells in the Co-control group, Co-Aβ 1–42 group, Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo group, Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−NC group, and Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−FGFR1 group were co-cultured with the corresponding HMC3 cells for 24 h ( n = 3). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Normality was confirmed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Thereafter, data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA (followed by Tukey’s post hoc test) for multiple-group comparisons

Article Snippet: According to the instruction manuals of the mouse interleukin (IL)−1β (CSB-E08054m; Cusabio), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (CSB-E04741m; Cusabio), IL-6 (CSB-E04639m; Cusabio), and Aβ 1–42 (CSB-E10787m; Cusabio) detection kits, the corresponding molecular levels in cells or tissues were measured.

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Flow Cytometry, Control, Cell Culture

Journal: Molecular Neurobiology

Article Title: Olfactory Mucosa Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes Enhance Microglia M2 Polarization via the FGFR1/PLCγ1 Axis to Alleviate Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.1007/s12035-026-05797-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: OM-MSCs-Exo delivered FGFR1 to interact with PLCγ1 in microglia, suppressing the inflammatory response of co-cultured HT-22 and SH-SY5Y cells. A CCK8 assay in HT-22 and SH-SY5Y cells. B The apoptosis rate of neurons cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. C IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels of HT-22 and SH-SY5Y cells. The HT-22 cells in the Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−NC group, Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−FGFR1 group, Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−FGFR1 + si-NC group, and Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−FGFR1 + si-PLCγ1 group were co-cultured with the corresponding BV2 cells for 24 h. The SH-SY5Y cells in the Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−NC group, Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−FGFR1 group, Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−FGFR1 + si-NC group, and Co-Aβ 1–42 + OM-MSCs-Exo oe−FGFR1 + si-PLCγ1 group were co-cultured with the corresponding HMC3 cells for 24 h ( n = 3). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Normality was confirmed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Thereafter, data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA (followed by Tukey’s post hoc test) for multiple-group comparisons

Article Snippet: According to the instruction manuals of the mouse interleukin (IL)−1β (CSB-E08054m; Cusabio), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (CSB-E04741m; Cusabio), IL-6 (CSB-E04639m; Cusabio), and Aβ 1–42 (CSB-E10787m; Cusabio) detection kits, the corresponding molecular levels in cells or tissues were measured.

Techniques: Cell Culture, CCK-8 Assay, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Molecular Neurobiology

Article Title: Olfactory Mucosa Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes Enhance Microglia M2 Polarization via the FGFR1/PLCγ1 Axis to Alleviate Alzheimer’s Disease

doi: 10.1007/s12035-026-05797-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: OM-MSCs-Exo alleviated cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation in AD mice through FGFR1. A Swimming distance, swimming time, number of platform arrivals, and latency to first entry ( n = 6). B The hippocampal tissues of mice were stained with HE. C Nissl staining was performed in the hippocampus of mice. D TUNEL assay. E Data plot of the TUNEL assay. F Levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in mice hippocampus. G WB analysis of Aβ, p-Tau/Tau in mice hippocampus. H Aβ 1–42 levels were detected. I FGFR1 and PLCγ1 levels were measured. J Levels of p-NF-κB/NF-κB. K , L IF staining of CD86 and CD206 in mice hippocampus. M Levels of microglia M1 and M2 polarization–related factors in mice hippocampus ( n = 5). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Normality was confirmed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Thereafter, data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA (followed by Tukey’s post hoc test) for multiple-group comparisons

Article Snippet: According to the instruction manuals of the mouse interleukin (IL)−1β (CSB-E08054m; Cusabio), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (CSB-E04741m; Cusabio), IL-6 (CSB-E04639m; Cusabio), and Aβ 1–42 (CSB-E10787m; Cusabio) detection kits, the corresponding molecular levels in cells or tissues were measured.

Techniques: Staining, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: Effects of Naodesheng tablets on amyloid beta-induced dysfunction: A traditional Chinese herbal formula with novel therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease revealed by systems pharmacology.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111916

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 11. NDS inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators and activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in Aβ-treated rats. The expression of TNF-α (A), IL-1β (B), IL-6 (C), and IFN-γ (D) in the cortex was determined via ELISA. The expression levels of iNOS, COX2, IκBα, p-IκBα, NF-κB p65 (cytoplasm and nucleus), and p-NF- κB p65 were determined via Western blot analysis (E–K). Data represent 6–7 independent experiments and are shown as mean ± SEM. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 compared with control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with Aβ-treated group.

Article Snippet: Rat amyloid beta peptide 1–42 ELISA Kit was obtained from CUSABIO Technology (Houston, TX, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Activation Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: Effects of Naodesheng tablets on amyloid beta-induced dysfunction: A traditional Chinese herbal formula with novel therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease revealed by systems pharmacology.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111916

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 12. NDS activated the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway in the hippocampus and cortex of Aβ-treated rats. The cAMP levels in the hippocampus (A) and cortex (B) were detected using the ELISA kit protocol. (C) Representative bands of protein expression and quantified protein expression of PKA (D) and phos phorylated CREB (E) in the hippocampus. (F) Representative bands of protein expression and quantified protein expression of PKA (G) and phosphorylated CREB (H) in the cortex. The data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). For statistical significance, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 compared to control, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.01 compared to Aβ-treated group.

Article Snippet: Rat amyloid beta peptide 1–42 ELISA Kit was obtained from CUSABIO Technology (Houston, TX, USA).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Control